Key Points - Important Notes:
- A computer is an electronic device or machine. It takes input, processes it, and shows the output.
- Data is a collection of facts and figures that include words, numbers, symbols sounds, etc.
- A computer is used at home to listen to the recitation of the Quran, watch play, take online classes, do online business, etc.
- Software is a set of instructions that runs and controls hardware.
- Hardware is the physical components or parts such as the keyboards, mouse, monitor, systems units, etc.
- The computer components are classified as input devices, system units, storage devices, and output devices.
- Input Devices are used to enter data into a computer these devices are the keyboard, mouse, scanner, microphone, digital camera, etc.
- The system Unit consists of a casing and many internal components like motherboard, Central |process Unit (CPU), Storage devices, expansion cards power supply, etc.
- A processor controls the working of all the hardware and software.
- The motherboard connects the components and peripheral devices and allows all the parts of a computer to receive power and communicate with one another such as processor, memory, etc.
- Computer memory is used to store and retrieve data.
- Computer storage devices are used to store data in a computer such as hard drive, USB, CD, DVD, and Floppy Disk.
- Output Devices are used to display the output of the processed data. These devices are monitors, printers, and speakers.
- Communication devices are used to transmit data and communicate with other computers or devices, e.g. modems, interface cards, and Wi-Fi.
- A modem modulates or converts digital signals generated by a computer to analog signals for transmission over the telephone network.
- A computer has four basic operations which include input, process, output, and storage.
Question 1. Match Column A with Column B
Question 2. Choose the correct option.
- A computer is a/an _ _ _ _ _ _ _ device.
a) auto b) electrical c) electronic d) mechanical - s
Question 3. Describe the following.
- Computer.
A computer is an electronic device or machine. It takes input, processes it, and shows the output. - Keyboard
A keyboard is an input device that is used to enter data into a computer. - Hardware
Hardware is the physical components or parts such as the keyboards, mouse, monitor, systems units, etc. - Software
Software is a set of instructions that runs and controls hardware. - Processor
A processor controls the working of all the hardware and software. - Motherboard:
The motherboard connects the components and peripheral devices and allows all the parts of a computer to receive power and communicate with one another such as processor, memory, etc. - Hard Drive
Hard Disk or Hard Drive is a permanent storage device that stores data in a large amount. it is lugged in the system unit. - Modem
A modem modulates or converts digital signals generated by a computer to analog signals for transmission over the telephone network. - Monitor
A computer monitor is an output device that displays information in a pictorial form. - Printer
A printer is an output device that prints documents on a perper It takes data from a computer and generate a hard copy of it.
Question 4. Answer the following questions.
- Differentiate between data and information.
Data: Data is a collection of facts and figures that include words, symbols, sounds, etc. Data has little meaning without context or analysis to explain what type of data is it.
Information: After processing or arrangement, the data is converted into something more meaningful. Data is processed into useful forms of information. - Compare Read-Only-Memory (ROM) and Random Access Memory (RAM).
Ans: Primary Memory consists of Read-Only Memory (ROM) and Random-Access Memory (RAM)
Read-Only Memory (ROM) stores instructions permanently which are only readable. It contains instructions for the booting of the computer and input/output tasks.
Random-Access Memory (RAM) keeps data only while a computer is working. It retains a copy of software applications and data that enables a user to access them quickly.
- What is the difference between hardware and software?
Ans: Hardware is the physical component or part of a computer, such as the keyboards, mouse, monitor, systems units, etc.
Software is a set of instructions/programs that run to solve problems and control hardware. - What are the basic operations of a computer system?
Ans: A computer has four basic operations which include input, process, storage and output. A computer takes input through input devices like the keyboard or mouse etc. The processed data is stored in primary or secondary storage. and shows the results on an output device.
- What are the main components of a computer?
- What are the input devices? Explain any two.
- What are the output devices? Explain any two.
- What is the function of the motherboard on a computer?
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